Designing Heating Zones in an ITO Glass Heater for Better Thermal Balance
https://advanced-heating-guide.laurelcurrent.com/posts/why-kapton-heater-thickness-matters-in-compact-equipment
In camera windows, an ITO glass heater must deliver heat in a controlled way. It uses a transparent conductive ITO layer applied to glass. One useful trait is full-surface heating. Still, edge losses can change the result